论中医药名词定名单义性原则的实施

单义性是科技名词审定的主要原则之一。单义性原则规定一个概念仅确定一个与之相对应的规范的中文名称，即“一词一义”。实现单义性原则，需要解决“一词多义”和“一义多词”现象。我们在中医药名词审定工作中，对于“一词多义”的处理，采取了分化不同义项、淘汰不常用的义项、因学科门类的差异而分别定名、保留不同学科之间的一词多义现象等措施。“一义多词”的处理，采用选定一词舍弃他词、设立异名等方法。实现中医药名词审定的单义性原则，既要遵守科技名词审定的一般原则和方法，也要根据本学科特点，探索符合自身特性的规则与措施。

On the Implementation of Monosemy Principle for Terms in Traditional Chinese Medicine

As one of the main principles for examining and approving scientific and technological terms, monosemy requires that one concept corresponds only to one standard Chinese term, namely ＂one term with one meaning＂. Polysemy and synonymy are two linguistic phenomena that pose a problem for the implementation of monosemy. With regard to polysemy, we can divide a term into different semantic items, obsolete uncommon items, denominate a term in line with its disciplines, and maintain polysemous terms across disciplines. As to synonymy, we can approve one term and abandon its synonyms, and establish variant names. We think that the implementation of monosemy should be conducted in accordance with the general principles and methods for examining and approving scientific terms. Moreover, specific and workable principles and methods should be explored for the characteristics of terms in traditional Chinese medicine.