品质因子估计与地震波衰减补偿研究

精确计算地层品质因子以及反Q滤波处理,是提高地震资料分辨率的重要手段。针对品质因子估计,采用数值模拟的方式系统研究了谱比法、质心频移法和峰值频移法,发现在三类方法中谱比法的精度和稳定性最高;针对反Q滤波,系统研究了基于稳定因子和基于反演的两类反Q滤波方法。对比结果表明,两类方法基于的模型和利用的品质因子虽然有所不同,但均能够对地震波传播过程中的振幅衰减和相位畸变进行稳定而有效的补偿和校正。

Research on quality factor estimation and seismic wave absorption compensation

Accurate calculation of the quality factor and inverse Q filtering are important means to improve the resolution of seismic data. For quality factor estimation, three methods are studied, such as the spectral ratio method, centroid frequency method and peak frequency method. Numerical simulation results show that the spectral ratio method is better than the other two methods in terms of accuracy and stability. For seismic wave absorption compensation, focuses on the two stable inverse Q filtering methods, such as the method based on stable factor and the method based on inversion. Comparative results show that although the two methods are different in the model and the use of quality factor, both can stably and effectively compensate and correct the amplitude attenuation and phase distortion of seismic wave, and also find that inverse Q filtering exits low frequency weakening effect in normalized amplitude.