环保投资在国民生产总值中所占比重的研究

本文建立了把经济发展、人口增长与环境治理需求联系在一起的数学模型。运用系统工程的多目标线性规划框架构造了二级递阶优化的算法结构,从按15个产业部门编制的经济环境投入产出表出发,研究各部门环保投资占本部门最终产品的比重和各部门对治理“三废”(废水、废气、废渣)的投资分配,进而在此基础上确定总环保投资占国民生产总值的合理比重。文中给出模型可用于工业行业的仿真实例及结果分析。

A Proper Share of Environmental Protection Investment

This paper presents a mathematical model in which the national economic development, the population growth and the demand on environmental quality control are related to each other for consideration. With the framework of multi-objective linear programming, an algorithmic structure with two-level hierarchical optimization has been worked out. At the first level, on condition that the given environmental investments from all sectors are known, the task is to optimally allocate the investments so as to get the best out of it or to get rid of the largest possible amount of waste. The second level is a coordinated one, with the purpose to realize a control over the total emission of the whole environmental system. Making use of the Input-Output table for economic and environment of all sectors, we can study the proper proportion of the environmental protection investment from all sectors in their final product values and the investment allocation for tackling waste water, waste gas, and waste residue. Then the total environmental protection investment as a share of GNP can be determined. A case study of industrial sectors and the environmental investment is given.