黄河下游滩区洪水淹没损失评估研究

黄河下游河道泥沙沉积导致洪水漫滩频繁,严重影响滩区的安全,进行漫滩洪水淹没损失评估可为滩区防洪减灾提供依据.通过对黄河下游滩区洪水淹没损失调查与统计分析,利用回归分析提出了黄河下游滩区玉米、大豆、花生、林地与房屋等洪水淹没水深与淹没损失的关系函数,构建了黄河下游滩区洪水淹没损失评估体系.在对黄河下游东坝头一高村段滩区"82.8"洪水过程概化的基础上,基于构建的数字地形与地理属性信息数据库,对8000m~3/s、14000m~3/s量级洪水滩区演进进行了模拟与淹没影响预测,提出了滩区洪水淹没损失率分布图.结果表明滩区农林作物与房屋等淹没损失在同一淹没历时的情况下,随洪峰流量、淹没水深的增大而增大;淹没损失一般在洪峰时刻最大,低秆作物的淹没损失比高秆作物的大.

Research on floodplain flood loss assessment of the lower Yellow River

Frequent flood caused by river sediment bring a large threat to floodplain safety of the lower Yellow River, conducting loss assessment of floodplain flood can provide the basis for flood control and mitigation. Through surveying floodplain flood damage and statistical analysis of the lower Yellow River, by the way of regression analysis, the relation functions between submergence depth and submerged loss of corn, soybeans, peanuts, woodland and housing are proposed, and a new inundation loss assessment system is built on floodplain of the lower Yellow River. In the basis of the "82.8" flood generalization of the Dongbatou～Gaocun floodplain in the lower Yellow River, based on digital terrain and geographic attribute information database, the flood evolution process of the magnitude 8000m³/s and 14000m³/s are simulated, flood impact areas are analyzed and predicted, distribution figures of floodplain flood loss rate are proposed in the lower Yellow River. The study results show that floodplain agriculture crop, woodland and housing losses increase with the peak flow and submerged depth in the same submerged time lasted, and losses are generally the greatest in the peak moments, loss of the low crops is larger than the stalk crops.