近47年德语区大气科学学科研究方向的变化特征

 为进一步了解国际大气科学发展进程及为中国大气科学学科设置优化调整提供指导，收集整理了1969-2015年德语区7000多篇大气科学学科毕业论文题目，分析了年论文数的时间变化特征，探讨了论文数阶段性增速快慢的原因。结果表明，近47年德语区大气科学类毕业年论文数呈明显的阶段性变化，可分为缓慢增长、较快增长和加速增长3个时期，前两个时期的增速主要与人口增长有关，第三个时期的增速与社会需求、技术革新密切相关；随着大气科学学科分支的细化，从20世纪90年代起，绝大多数研究方向之间的比例差异较20世纪70-80年代有所缩小；近47年，27个研究方向中占比最高的5个研究方向分别是大气探测、应用气象、气候与气候变化、大气物理和动力气象，其中应用气象年论文数的增长速度最快，尤其是近20年增速明显加快，说明大气科学与其他行业的交叉研究在蓬勃发展，并且随着社会需求的提升，这种趋势会进一步加强。

Variations of research directions of atmospheric sciences in the German-speaking regions in the past 47 years

In order to better understand the development of atmospheric sciences in the world and provide a guidance for the optimization and the adjustment of the course setting for atmospheric sciences for universities and colleges in China, this paper collects over 7000 graduation theses on atmospheric sciences in the German-speaking regions from 1969 to 2015, and analyzes the variations of the number of theses in each year, and explores the reasons for the rapid growth of the number of theses. It is shown that the number of theses on the atmospheric sciences in the German-speaking regions see obvious phases during the past 47 years, which can be roughly divided into three periods:the slow growth period, the rapid growth period, and the accelerated growth period. The growth rate of the first two periods is mainly related to the population growth, the growth rate in the third period is closely related to the social needs and the technological innovation. With the refining of the research directions in the atmospheric science field, since the 1990s, the differences between the proportions of different research directions are narrowed, as compared with those in the 1970s and the 1980s; in the past 47 years, the five research directions with the highest proportions among the 27 research directions are the atmospheric sounding, the applied meteorology, the climate and climate change, the atmospheric physics, and the dynamic meteorology, where the growth rate of the number of theses on applied meteorology is the highest, especially in the past 20 years, which means that the interdiscipline researches of atmospheric sciences and other industries are booming, and this trend will be further strengthened with the increasing social demand.