科技成果社会影响力评估的国际经验及启示

 对英国的卓越研究框架（REF）、荷兰的标准评估协议（SEP）和美国的STAR METRICS这3个典型的科技成果社会影响力评估方案进行比较，识别了其评估对象、评估程序和评估目标方面的差异，重点围绕这3个方案的评估内容指标和评估方法进行了深入分析。结合国际经验，认为中国应当将科技成果社会影响力评估置于公立科研机构绩效评价的核心地位；需要在贯彻国家战略导向和体现评估对象、评估目标和区域差异的基础上开发符合中国国情的科技成果社会影响力评估内容和指标体系；要构建大数据评估并使用数据驱动方法进行科技成果的社会影响力评估。

Social impact assessment of science achievements based on international experiences

The evaluation of the social impact of science achievements funded by the government can be considered as a breakthrough point in the reform of China's science and technology system. Besides, it is also an inevitable step to carry out the strategy of China's innovation-driven development. The lessons drawn from the evaluation activities in western countries can be a useful guidance. The paper focuses on three typical systems, the UK's Research Excellence Framework (REF) for assessing the excellence of researches in higher education institutions, the Standard Evaluation Protocol (SEP), which is used to assess researches conducted by Dutch universities and NWO and academy institutes, and the USA's STAR METRICS for creating a repository of data and tools, that will be useful to assess the impact of federal R&D investments. This paper analyzes the evaluation unit, the processes, and the objectives of the above three systems, as well as their differences, focusing on the indicators that define the social impact and the methods to realize the evaluation. Based on this analysis, it is concluded that the social impact evaluation should be at the core of the performance evaluation of public scientific research institutions in China. Following the experience of the UK's REF system, the national strategies, the differences between institutions and disciplines, as well as the regional divergence should be taken into account when developing the indicators of social impacts and the corresponding measurements in China. To facilitate the system operation, it is necessary to create a searchable database of scientific researches funded by national agencies.