个人碳交易机制对消费者能源消费影响研究

二氧化碳排放量增加引起的气候变暖问题已严重影响了人类社会的可持续发展,目前世界上各个国家和地区都在采取措施以应对这一难题.研究表明消费者能源消费行为对碳排放具有重要影响,加强对消费者能源消费行为的引导、管制和激励,形成低碳能源消费模式,具有重要的理论和现实意义.基于个人碳交易(personal carbon trading,PCT)的理论框架,构建了个人碳交易机制下消费者能源选择模型并对碳交易市场均衡问题进行了分析.研究发现:个人碳交易机制能够刺激消费者选择清洁能源,形成低碳能源消费模式;碳排放权的供给曲线不同于一般商品的供给曲线,其供给量随着碳价的升高而降低;初始碳配额量应该设置在一个合理的水平上,才能保证买卖双方的交易能够实现.

Study on the effect of personal carbon trading scheme on consumers' energy consumption

The global warming problem caused by carbon emissions has significantly influence the sustainable development of human society. Nowadays, more and more countries and regions are taking measures to cope with this problem. Researches indicated that consumers' energy consumption has a significant influence on the carbon emissions. To guide, regulate and motivate consumers' energy consumption behavior is benefit to make a low-carbon energy consumption pattern, which has an important theoretical and realistic significance. Based on the personal carbon trading scheme, we construct an energy use choice model and analyze the market equilibrium of the carbon trading. It is shown that personal carbon trading scheme can motivate consumers to choose clean energy and to make a low-carbon energy consumption pattern. The supply curve of the carbon allowance is different from the general commodity supply curve. When the carbon price increases, the supply quantity of the carbon allowance will decrease. The initial allocated carbon allowance should be set at an appropriate level, thus, the carbon trading among consumers can be achieved.