铜仁市碧江区土地利用变化的时空特征及其驱动因素

揭示当前多重因素驱动作用下,以铜仁市碧江区为例探究其土地利用的时空变化特征及其驱动因素分析对地区土地集约利用和粮食安全具有重要意义。基于2009年、2017年landSat高清影像为数据源并结合野外调查验证,通过土地利用动态相关指标以及转移矩阵计算,揭示出了碧江区土地利用变化幅度、速率的演变规律,运用核密度估计方法探究区域土地利用变化的时空集聚特征和差异。结果显示:碧江区土地利用主要是以有林地、灌木林地、草地、旱地为主,其次是以城镇用地、水田和农村居民用地为主。2009—2017年,碧江区土地利用类型变化的幅度和速率均呈现出明显的特征和差异,其中城镇用地利用幅度最大,道路和城镇用地利用变化速率最快,其率值分别为59%、16.81%。碧江区土地利用转换较大的是以城镇建设用地和道路为主,旱地转为城镇用地的面积最多,其转换面积为90.40 km~2;土地利用转换的空间演变呈现出3种变化模式,其主要以城乡向外扩展、道路指向性和农村居民点就近利用模式存在,土地利用空间集聚主要集中于碧江区中部向东部移动趋势。影响碧江区的土地利用变化的驱动因素主要是以社会经济、地形地貌、政府政策、人口以及产业结构调整共同作用的结果。

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Land Use Change and Its Driving Factors in Bijiang District of Tongren City

It is of great significance for regional land intensive use and food security to to explore the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of land use and its driving factors analysis by taking the Bijiang District of Tongren City as an example.This study,based on the 2009 and 2017 landSat high resolution images of 2009 and 2017 as the data sources and combined with field survey verification,through the calculation of land use dynamic correlation indicators and transfer matrix to reveal the evolution law of land use change amplitude and rate in Bijiang District and the nuclear density estimation method is used to explore the temporal and spatial agglomeration characteristics and differences of regional land use change. The results show that:The land use in Bijiang District is mainly composed of forest land, shrub land, grassland and dry land, followed by urban land, paddy fields and rural residents.In 2009-2017, the amplitude and rate of land use change in Bijiang District showed obvious characteristics and differences,among them, urban land use has the largest utilization rate, and road and urban land use has the fastest change rate, with the rate values being 59% and 16.81% respectively.The land use conversion in Bijiang District is mainly based on urban construction land and roads,the area of dry land converted to urban land is the largest, with a conversion area of 90.40km2;The spatial evolution of land use conversion shows different patterns of change, which mainly exist in the urban-rural expansion, road orientation and rural residential areas,and the spatial agglomeration of land use is mainly concentrated in the migration trend from the central part of Bijiang District to the east.The driving factors of land use change in bijiang district are mainly the result of social economy, topography, government policy, population and industrial structure adjustment.