太湖风景区古村古镇景观生态风险分析

【目的】揭示太湖风景区古村古镇景观生态风险的空间分布以及时序变化情况。【方法】基于GIS、RS技术和景观生态学原理,以太湖金庭镇为研究区域,对其2006年、2010年和2014年3期遥感影像解译并进行景观格局变化分析,再以构建的生态风险指数作为评价指标进行景观生态风险综合评价。【结果】太湖金庭镇古村古镇景观生态风险的空间分异显著,低生态风险等级区主要位于西山岛东南部和东北部区域,面积比例由2006年的22.76%上升为2014年的30.48%; 较低生态风险等级区主要分布于低生态风险等级区四周,面积比例由2006年的16.10%下降为2014年的14.13%; 中生态风险等级区主要集中在西山岛中心区域,面积比例由2006年的33.29%上升为2014年的34.71%; 较高生态风险等级区主要分布于南端水产养殖区靠陆域方向,北部横山岛、绍山岛、阴山岛等横山群岛区域和其南侧陆地部分,还包括西山古镇周边及古村落区域,面积比例由2006年的10.72%下降为2014年的8.33%; 高生态风险等级区分布区域分别与3个时期的较高生态风险等级区基本相似,被其环绕,主要为西山古镇和沿岛水域,面积比例由2006年的17.13%下降为2014年的12.35%。【结论】太湖风景区整体生态风险程度变化不大,总体呈下降趋势,但古村古镇的生态风险有所上升。

Study on ancient village and town landscape ecological risk in Taihu Scenic Area

【Objective】A comprehensive landscape ecological risk assessment was conducted using an ecological risk index, finally revealing the spatial distribution and time-series change in landscape ecological risk. 【Method】Based on GIS,RS and landscape ecology analysis of the study area in Jinting town in Taihu Lake Scenic Area, the study analyzed and interpreted remote-sensing images of Jinting town from three periods in 2006, 2010 and 2014 regarding changes in landscape pattern. 【Result】The results showed that the spatial difference in landscape ecological risk was obvious and low ecological risk was mainly observed in the southeast and northeast area of Xishan Island, whose area percentage increased from 22.76% in 2006 to 30.48% in 2014; extremely low ecological risk was mainly observed in the area surrounding the low-ecological-risk area, whose area percentage decreased from 16.10% in 2006 to 14.13% in 2014; moderate ecological risk was mainly observed at the center of Xishan Island, whose area percentage increased from 33.29% in 2006 to 34.71% in 2014; extremely high ecological risk was mainly observed in the southern aquacultural zone by stacking direction, in northern Hengshan Island, Shaoshan Island, Yinshan Island and other Hengshan Islands region, and the southern part of the land and the area surrounding the ancient village and Xishan town were included, whose area percentage decreased from 10.72% in 2006 to 8.33% in 2014; the areas of high ecological risk, mainly including Xishan town and the area along the island waters, was similar to the higher-ecological risk areas in the three periods, and surrounded by the extremely-high-ecological-risk areas, whose area percentage decreased from 17.13% in 2006 to 12.35% in 2014. 【Conclusion】For the entire study area, the overall risk level hardly changed and the overall risk level showed a downward trend; however, the risk of the ancient village and town is increasing.