61个观赏海棠品种的SSR指纹图谱构建及遗传多样性分析

【目的】观赏海棠种类繁多且同名异物和同物异名的现象严重,寻找一种从分子角度快速准确鉴定观赏海棠品种的技术手段,弥补依靠表型性状的分类和鉴定的不足,满足观赏海棠的品种资源鉴别需要。【方法】对61个主要观赏海棠品种,利用从苹果属多个种中筛选出的10对SSR引物对其进行PCR扩增检测,分析其遗传多样。【结果】10对SSR引物共扩增出78条条带,平均每个SSR位点扩增出7.8条,多态性条带百分率为100%。61个观赏海棠品种Nei多样性指数(H)和Shannon指数(I)分别为0.205 2和0.348 8,若以共显性标记的方式进行分析,43个海棠品种的Nei多样性指数的变化范围在0.623 9～0.881 8,平均为0.788 3,表现出较丰富的遗传多样性。【结论】最终利用2对SSR引物成功地构建了61个观赏海棠的指纹图谱,为品种资源的鉴别和深入挖掘利用提供依据。

The construction of fingerprints and genetic diversity analysis of 61 Malus crabapple cultivars based on SSR markers

【Objective】There are many kinds of Malus crabapple cultivars because of homonyms and synonyms. However, the classification and identification of phenotypic traits can no longer satisfy the classification of Malus crabapple cultivars. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a rapid and accurate method of identifying Malus crabapple cultivars.【Methods】In this study, sixty-one major Malus crabapple cultivars were tested for PCR amplification using 10 pairs of SSR primers selected out from the Malus multi-species. 【Results】A total of 78 bands were identified from the 10 pairs of SSR primers. The average of bands per marker was 7.8 and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 100%. The Nei gene diversity(H)and Shannon index(I)of 61 Malus crabapple cultivars were 0.205 2 and 0.348 8, respectively. If analyzed as co-dominant markers, the Nei gene diversity of 43 Malus crabapple cultivars ranged from 0.623 9 to 0.881 8, with an average of 0.788 3, exhibiting a high level of genetic diversity.【Conclusion】In conclusion, the fingerprints of 61 ornamental crabapple cultivars were successfully constructed by using two pairs of SSR primers, which provided assistance in the identification and in-depth exploitation of cultivar resources