非洲菊常见品种的染色体核型与倍性分析

采用常规根尖压片技术对非洲菊3个常见品种的染色体进行核型分析，并用流式细胞仪检测其倍性.结果表明:供试的3个非洲菊品种均为二倍体.深圳5号核型公式为2n=2x=50=2M+34m+16sm，染色体相对长度系数组成为2n=6L+12M2+24M1+8S，按照Stebbins标准核型分类属于2C核型，不对称系数AS.K% =60.09%.香槟核型公式为2n=2x=50+B=36m+12sm+2st+B，染色体相对长度系数组成为2n=8L+10M2+16M1+16S，属于2C核型，不对称系数AS.K% =62.17% .大头粉核型公式为2n=2x=50+B=34m+12sm+4st+B，染色体相对长度系数组成为2n=8L+8M2+28M1+6S，属于2B核型，不对称系数AS.K% =62.21%.综上所述，3个非洲菊品种的染色体长度、着丝点位置、B染色体的有无均不同，核型呈现多态性.

Chromosomal Karyotype and Ploidy Analysis of Common Varieties of Gerbera jamesonii hybr

The chromosomal karyotypes of three common varieties of Gerbera jamesonii hybr were analyzed using the conventional root-tip squashing technology and their ploidy detection was carried out by flow cytometry. The results show that the three varieties of Gerbera jamesonii hybr tested are all diploid. The Shenzhen No.5 had a karyotype formula of2n=2x=50=2M+34m+16sm, the chromosome relative length index of2n=6L+12M2+24M1+8S, and the asymmetry coefficient ofAS.K% = 60.09%, which belongs to the2Ctype according to Stebbins standard karyotype classification. The Xiangbin had a karyotype formula of2n=2x=50+B=36m+12sm+2st+B, the chromosome relative length index of2n=8L+10M2+16M1+16S, and the asymmetry coefficient ofAS.K% =62.17%, which belongs to the2Ctype. The Datoufen had a karyotype formula of2n=2x=50+B=34m+12sm+4st+B, the chromosome relative length index of2n=8L+8M2+28M1+6S, and the asymmetry coefficient ofAS.K% =62.21%, which belongs to the2Btype. In conclusion, the three varieties of Gerbera jamesonii hybr were different in chromosome length, position of centromere, B chromosome and karyotype.