基于电池交换的电动汽车充电设施规划方法研究

电动汽车存在充电时间长、行驶距离有限的问题。针对电池交换的充电方式，研究了电动汽车电池交换站及电池配置问题。利用生灭过程理论描述了交通走廊沿线电池交换站的电池交换及其充电过程，建立了换电站运作的随机模型；进而以电动汽车换电成功概率等为约束，建立了以建设成本最小化为目标的充电设施规划模型，并基于拉格朗日方法提出了模型求解算法。研究结果表明，所建立的模型不仅能够计算换电成功概率，还能分析换电成功概率、充电技术进步的影响，实现了满足电动汽车换电成功概率的约束条件下的建设成本最小化的交换站及电池配置。

Research on recharging infrastructure planning for electric vehicles based on battery swapping

Electric vehicles have drawbacks such as long charging time and limited driving range. Based on the charging method of battery swapping, the battery swapping stations and batteries configuration of electric vehicles were investigated in this paper. The processes of battery swapping and charging at swapping stations along a long corridor were described with Birth and Death processes theory, and then a stochastic model for the operation of the swapping station was established.Furthermore, taking the electric vehicle’s probability of swapping a fully charged battery successfully as the constrain, recharging infrastructure planning models were established with the goal of minimum construction cost, and a model solving algorithm was proposed based on the Lagrange method. Research results show that the proposed model can not only calculate the successful probability of battery swapping, but also analyze the effect of the probability of swapping successfully and the progress of the charging technology, realizing the optimal swapping stations and batteries configuration with minimum construction cost under the constraint of the successful probability of battery swapping.