脱硫活性碳纤维改性及再生技术研究进展

工业脱硫成本较高、脱硫剂难再生和脱硫产物难利用,采用吸附性能和再生性能优越的活性炭 纤维作为脱硫剂极具前景。 首先阐述了活性碳纤维吸附—氧化—水合整个脱硫过程,分析了表面官能团对 ACF 吸附催化效率的影响。 总结出在吸附和氧化前,基于碱性含氧官能团及含氮官能团的调控对 ACF 进行 改性可显著提升其脱硫率。 而水合生成硫酸后,对 ACF 再生可将孔内污染物洗脱或分解,还原活性位,实现 循环脱硫。 然后对活性碳纤维改性及再生方法进行归纳:改性方法主要基于 ACF 物理结构和表面官能团种 类、数量的调整,瓶颈在于难以分离孔隙和官能团的耦合影响;再生方法主要靠外部供能,使吸附质分子和产 物脱附或直接分解,但碳损耗大、能耗高、产物利用率低。 最后对未来脱硫活性碳纤维改性及再生技术研究 方向提出建议,以供制备高性能脱硫剂参考。

Research Progress of Modification and Regeneration Technology of Desulfurization Activated Carbon Fiber

In view of the high cost of industrial desulfurization, the difficulty of regeneration of desulfurizer and the difficulty of utilization of desulfurization products, the use of activated carbon fiber with superior adsorption and regeneration performance as a desulfurizer is very promising. The whole desulfurization process of activated carbon fiber adsorption-oxidation-hydration was first described, and the effect of surface functional groups on the catalytic efficiency of ACF adsorption was analyzed. It is concluded that before the process of adsorption and oxidation, the modification of ACF based on surface basic oxygen-containing functional groups and nitrogen- containing functional groups can significantly improve its desulfurization performance. After hydration to generate sulfuric acid, the ACF can be regenerated to elute or decompose the pollutants in the pores, restore the active sites, and achieve cyclic desulfurization. Then the modification and regeneration methods of activated carbon fiber are summarized: the modification method is mainly based on the adjustment of the physical structure and the type, quantity of surface functional groups of ACF. The bottleneck is that it is difficult to separate the coupling effects of pores and functional groups; the regeneration method mainly depends on external energy supply to make adsorption molecules and products desorbed or decomposed directly, but the carbon loss is large, the energy consumption is high, and the product utilization rate is low. In the end, suggestions are made for the future research direction of desulfurization activated carbon fiber modification and regeneration technology for reference in preparing high- performance desulfurizers.