水电站压力管道最优管径序列的确定

水电站压力管道的管径通常分段用解析法计算确定,由此所得的管径序列不能确定为最优序列.本文对用动态规划法决策露天钢管最优管径序列的方法进行了探讨,在该法的优化计算中,将具有N管段的管径作N维设计变量考虑、取整个管道的年费用最小为计算准则,而管道中的水击压力分布和流量过程则通过迭代计算同时确定.文中列有某工程算例的一些结果.计算表明该法所得最优管径序列可信,结果较解析法精确,计算工作量较枚举法小得多,是一种可靠而有效的确定最优管径序列的方法.

Determination of Optimal Diameter Sequence of Penstocks

The diameters of penstocks of hydro-electric power stations are conventionally determined section by section with the analytical method, while the obtained diameter sequence may not neccesarily be the optimal one. For this reason, a dynamic programming procedure for determining the optimal diameter sequence of exposed-penstocks is discussed in this paper. In this method, the diameters of a penstock with N sections are considered as the design variable of N dimensions, the minimum annual cost of the penstock as a whole is regarded as the criterion, and the water-hammer pressure and flow duration in the penstock is determined iteratively with the diameter sequence simultaneously. Some numerical results are illustrated, which show that the procedure proposed in this paper is reliable, and is more accurate than the analytical method and more efficient than the enumeration method.