简论宋代官马管理和役使的律令措施

宋代是我国历史上疆域狭小、内忧外患较为频繁的一个朝代。为增强军事力量，统治者特别重视马政建设，出台了许多有关官马管理和役使的律令措施，对官马的注籍、烙印、养饲、医治、孳育、调习、差配、驿马管理和屠杀官马的处罚等十几个方面作出了详尽的规定，为官营牧马业的发展保驾护航。宋政府通过主观努力，在一定程度上弥补了因气候地理条件不利而造成的官马不昌的缺憾。

Study on the Decrees of Official Horses Management and Use in the Song Dynasty

The Song Dynasty was a small country and had many disasters in our Chinese history. In order to increase its defense force, the rulers paid much attention to the official horses husbandry, and promulgated a series of decrees to protect the official horses, which included official horses register, brand, raise, treatment, breeding, training, ration, punishment to the people who kill the horse and so on. These measures promoted the official horse husbandry＇s development. Their efforts made up official horses deficiencies caused by the climate and environment to some extent.