农业系统工程的学科特性初探

<正>农业系统工程是系统工程在大农业生产指挥中的应用,是宏观农业经济计划和微观农业生产活动中的现代组织管理技术。本文论述了农业系统工程作为一门新的学科,在科学技术体系中的地位、学科特性和研究对象,论述了农业系统工程的特有专业理论基础“农事学”的学科特性和研究对象。从系统观点阐述了大农业系统机理复杂的特性——地域性、周期性、综合性、组织性、有序性和连锁性。指导农业生产要从这些特性和当时当地的实际出发,要善于抓循环锁链上的薄弱环节,以薄弱环节为提高的起点,在动态平衡中循序而进。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

1. Agricultural systems engineering is the application of ;systems engineering to the management of macro-agriculture, a modern technique in the organization and administration of the movement of macro-agriculture economics and of the productive activities of micro-agriculture.2 . Agricultural systems engineering is a branch of systems science, whose main objects of study are the logic, information and program in the field of agriculture, belonging to the category of "soft" science.3 . Apart from the common basic theories for systems engineering such as operations research and computer science, agricultural systems engineering has its own specific basic theory, i. e., farming science, which studies the laws of conducting macro-agricultural production.4. The objective of agricultural systems engineering is to speed up macro-agricultural production so that more material wealth can be created and to improve the systems of nature in order to create a desirable, reasonable and highly efficient ecological system.5 . Viewed from the standpoint of systems science, macro-agricultural production system has characteristics with complex mechanism, i. e., regionalism, periodicity, comprehensiveness, systematism, orderliness and being subject to chain reactions. In conducting agricultural production, one should bear in mind all these characteristics and the actual conditions of the specific locality and time, analyse the contradictions and coordinate relevant links and factors, going forward step by step in dynamic equilibrium.