AHP方法中判断矩阵的标度扩展构造法

AHP在实际使用中常常因判断矩阵出现一致性检验错误而导致决策难产，且这个问题至今没有得到根本性解决，本文通过实例分析说明，导致一致性检验错误的根本原因是判断短阵的传统构造方法存在严重缺陷，它固化了选定的标度，使原先有差别的候选方案在比较过程中失去差别，因此，本文提出一种新的判断矩阵构造方法－标度扩展法，并证明该方法无论使用什么标度，所构造的判断矩阵都是完全一致的。故不需进行一致性检验且排序向量也容易获得，从而提高AHP方法决策的可靠性，并使AHP方法变得简便易行。

Scale-Extending Method for Constructing Judgment Matrix in the Analytic Hierarchy Process

The judgment matrices in AHP often can not pass the consistency checking, which leads decision-making to failure in practice, and the problem has not been solved ultimately yet. The examples in this paper illustrate that the main factor of the consistency checking error of the judgment matrix is the serious fault existed in the traditional method for constructing judgment matrix. It makes the judgment scales unchangeable, results the candidate projects which are difference in practice become no difference in the process of constructing judgment matrix. A new method for constructing judgment matrix, called scale-extended method, is presented in this paper. It is proved that the judgment matrices are always full consistency constructed by the new method using whatever judgment scales. So it does not need consistency checking and the importance weight vector can be got easily. The new method enhances the reliability of decision-making of AHP, and makes the AHP simple and easy use.