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| 载畜率对短花针茅荒漠草原土壤物理特性的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 王忠武,HAO Xi-ying,赵萌莉,Walter D.Willms,焦树英,齐小军,韩国栋. 载畜率对短花针茅荒漠草原土壤物理特性的影响[J]. 内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 43(5): 487-497 |
| 作者姓名： | 王忠武 HAO Xi-ying 赵萌莉 Walter D.Willms 焦树英 齐小军 韩国栋 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特,010018 2. 加拿大农业与农业食品部列桥研究中心,列桥T1J 4B1 3. 山东农业大学资源与环境学院,泰安,271018 4. 巴彦淖尔市水土保持工作站,临河,015000 |
| 基金项目： | National Natural Science Foundation of China(31070413);Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation(2011BS0409);National Special Research Fund for Non-Profit Sector(Agriculture)(201003019,200906030);Inner Mongolia Science and Technological Project(20101405)~~ |
| 摘 要： | 放牧对土壤物理特性的影响至关重要.为了研究放牧对土壤物理特性的影响,在内蒙古荒漠草原上开展了不同绵羊载畜率放牧试验.试验采取完全随机区组设计,设置4个不同载畜率处理,3次重复.4个处理分别是对照(CK)、轻度放牧(LG)、中度放牧(MG)和重度放牧(HG),相应的载畜率分别是0,0.15,0.30和0.45只羊/(公顷·月).放牧时间为每年6月-11月.从2004年到2006年的放牧期间,每月测定一次土壤含水量和土壤容重,土壤紧实度和机械组成每年秋季测定一次.通过对测定数据的分析表明,土壤表层(0-10cm)的含水量从对照到轻度放牧显著(p＜0.05)增加,然后随着载畜率的增大明显(p＜0.05)降低.土壤容重在不同载畜率条件下没有明显变化(p＞0.05),但土壤紧实度随载畜率的增加显著(p＜0.05)增大.中度和重度放牧显著降低了土壤黏粒的含量(p＜0.05).重度放牧加快了草地土壤水分的损失,进而增加了土壤的紧实度,使草地土壤发生退化.载畜率和土壤水分是影响荒漠草原可持续管理的关键因子,轻度载畜率是实现草地的可持续发展的最适宜载畜率. |
| 关 键 词： | 紧实度 放牧 土壤容重 土壤含水量 短花针茅草原 |
Effect of Stocking Rate on Soil Physical Properties in a Stipa breviflora Desert Steppe |
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| Wang Zhong-wu , HAO Xi-ying , ZHAO Meng-li , Walter D.Willms , JIAO Shu-ying , QI Xiao-jun , HAN Guo-dong. Effect of Stocking Rate on Soil Physical Properties in a Stipa breviflora Desert Steppe[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Neimongol, 2012, 43(5): 487-497 | |
| Authors: | Wang Zhong-wu HAO Xi-ying ZHAO Meng-li Walter D.Willms JIAO Shu-ying QI Xiao-jun HAN Guo-dong |
| Affiliation: | 1(1.Department of Grassland Science,College of Ecology and Environmental Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;2.Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,P.O.Box 3000,Lethbridge,Albert,Canada T1J 4B1;3.College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;4.Workstation for Water and Soil Conservation of Bayannaoer City,Linhe 015000,China) |
| Abstract: | Grazing has a critical effect on the soil physical properties in the desert steppe.An experiment was conducted to investigate how soil physical properties were affected by sheep stocking rate in a desert steppe of Inner Mongolia P.R.China.A randomized complete block design was used with 3 replications × four grazing treatments:non-grazed exclosure(Control),lightly grazed(LG),moderately grazed(MG) and heavily grazed(HG).The stocking rates were 0,0.15,0.30 and 0.45 sheep per hm2 per month,for the Control,LG,MG and HG,respectively.Sheep were grazed from June to November.Soil water and bulk density were measured monthly during the grazing period from June to November,during 2004 to 2006.Soil compaction and particle size analysis were conducted once in autumn each year.The results showed that soil surface(0-10 cm)water content increased(p < 0.05) from the control to LG,and then decreased(p < 0.05) with increasing the stocking rate.Soil bulk density(0-5 cm) was unaffected by stocking rate but soil compaction increased(p < 0.05) with increasing stocking rate.Moderate and heavy stocking rates decreased(p < 0.05) the clay percentage.Heavy stocking rate accelerated the loss of soil water,which further increased soil compaction and degrading grassland soil condition.Stocking rate and soil water are the most critical factors for the sustainable management of desert steppe.Light grazing recommended on management practice in this region for the sustainable development. |
| Keywords: | Compaction grazing soil bulk density soil water content Stipa breviflora Steppe |
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