基于高速公路收费系统的交通信息采集与处理基本问题研究

高速公路封闭式的收费系统实质上也是先进的交通信息采集系统，从中不仅可以得到流量、车型等一般性信息，而且能够得到行程时间、行程车速、OD、拥挤度、事件、运营特征及需求管理等常规方法不易获取的重要信息。同时，由于这种收费系统的信息采集采用逐车测量与统计的方式、具有无遗漏和直接性的特点，因而信息拥有更高的准确性和可靠性。以上海市高速公路网为背景，通过对典型通道的分析，系统探讨高速公路收费系统中交通信息采集与处理的几个基本问题：①基础数据采集；②交通信息种类；③行程时间信息处理；④动态OD信息处理。由于收费系统数据目前还远未得到充分有效地利用，因此本研究工作对我国高速公路交通信息化与智能化建设、信息综合利用及科学研究具有先导性的作用。

Study on Traffic Information Collecting and Processing Based on Freeway Toll System

Freeway closed toll system in China should have been also advanced traffic information collection system essentially, from which traffic volume, vehicle type, travel time & speed, dynamic OD, congestion level and incident information can be derived directly and reliably, especially for travel time and dynamic OD. This paper takes Shanghai freeway network as an example and probes into the following principal issues systematically: (1) basic traffic data collection from toll collection system, (2) traffic information categories from toll collection system, (3) travel time information processing, (4) dynamic OD information processing. Regrettably, the potential value of freeway toll collection system is still far from sufficient research and exploitation. So this paper is also aimed to attract more attention from research and application field.