多层水平淹没射流新型消能技术发展与应用述评

多层水平淹没射流是一种新型消能型式，具有流态稳定，消能效率高，雾化低，适应性强等特点．长期以来国内外研究人员对多层水平淹没射流进行了大量的研究工作，目前已经认识了该消能工流场中的许多机理与水力特性．基于此，比较分析了国内外对多层水平淹没射流问题在理论分析、模型试验和数值模拟研究3个方面的研究现状，评述了三者研究方法对多层水平淹没射流的预测能力．同时针对向家坝水电站高水头、大单宽流量、多泥沙的泄洪消能技术难题，探讨了多层水平淹没射流在向家坝水电站中的成功应用，为同类工程及环境影响要求较高的工程提供了重要参考，也为今后该领域的研究方向提供科学依据．

Development and Application Review of New Energy Dissipation Technology Named Multi-Level Horizontal Submerged Jets

Multi-level horizontal submerged jets is a new dissipation energy type with steady flow pattern, higher efficiency to energy dissipation, low atomization, strong adaptability. For a long time, researchers have done a lot of work on the multi-horizontal submerged jets at home and abroad; they have come to realize many of the mechanism and hydraulic characteristics about the energy dissipater at present. Based on this, this paper analyzes from three aspects： theoretical analysis, model test and numerical simulation; by comparing with situation of study and research results, review the predictive ability of theoretical analysis, test and numerical methods on the multi-horizontal submerged jets. Facing the flood discharge and energy dissipation of Xiangjiaba hydropower stato it has a high water head, large unit discharge, and sediment-laden characteristics, its successful application to Xiangjiaba hydropower station is discussed. The results will provide an important reference for similar projects and projects with low environmental impact requirements, so as to provide a scientific basis for development trend in this field.