填埋垃圾生物质三相演化过程与控制方法研究

利用自主设计的大型实验装置室内模拟生活垃圾填埋厌氧降解过程,研究填埋垃圾生物质降解固、液、气三相演化及稳定性特征,探讨垃圾物质损失过程及其控制方法。研究结果表明:在一次性填埋处理方式下,填埋体系产甲烷菌适宜的微生物环境条件形成缓慢,抑制了非产甲烷菌与产甲烷菌稳定的协同代谢作用,垃圾填埋气产出表现出滞后时间长、产率峰值高、持续时间短的特点;模拟实验前期持续的水解产酸主导作用使垃圾生物质累计损失量逐渐升高至7.15 kg,后期产甲烷主导作用使累计损失量快速下降至4.75 kg;抑制填埋垃圾生物质好氧降解,减少液相生物质扩散迁移损失,快速形成多种微生物菌群的协同代谢,促进垃圾生物质的气相转化,是垃圾填埋场生物质损失过程控制的有效措施。

Three-phase evolution and its control methods of waste biomass in landfill

The anaerobic degradation process of municipal solid waste was simulated by using large-scale independent design devices,the three-phase evolution of waste biomass and its stability characteristics during landfill stabilization were studied,and its loss processes and control methods were discussed.The results show that methanogens appropriate environmental conditions form slowly in the manner of one-time landfill,which inhibits the steady collaborative metabolism between non-methanogens and methanogens,and therefore landfill gas production shows the characteristics of long lag time,high rate peak and short duration.Long hydrolysis leading role leads to the total biomass loss increase to 7.15 kg in earlier stage,but following methanation leading role makes it decrease to 4.75 kg rapidly.Inhibiting the aerobic degradation of waste biomass,decreasing the migration loss of leachate,forming the collaborative metabolism of multiple microfloras rapidly and promoting the landfill gas conversion of waste biomass can effectively control the waste biomass loss control in landfill.