马克思主义未来社会发展阶段理论在当代中国的新发展——从共产主义发展阶段论到社会主义初级阶段论

科学社会主义创始人马克思、恩格斯和列宁都在未来社会（社会主义社会）发展阶段问题上作出过大胆的设想和可贵的探索。但后来由于种种原因，在社会主义社会发展阶段问题的研究和实践过程中，苏联和中国等社会主义国家都在取得成绩的同时，又都存在不同程度的失误。改革开放后，以邓小平为代表的中国共产党人根据马克思主义关于未来社会发展阶段的理论，在总结国内外对社会主义发展阶段问题进行探索和实践经验教训的基础上，提出了社会主义初级阶段理论。这一理论是马克思主义未来社会发展阶段理论在当代中国的新发展。

New Development of Marxism on Stages Theory of Future Society in Modern China——From Theory on Development Stage of Communism to Primary Stage of Socialism

When Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels and Vladimir Ilich Lenin, the founders of scientific socialism, discussed the framework of the stage theory of socialism, they proposed the early version of this theory. Later, however, some socialism countries, say, the former Soviet Union and China had made many serious mistakes due to an overlook or refusal of this theory. Since the reform and opening policy was implemented in China in the early 1980s, Chinese communists, led by late Deng Xiaoping, analyzed the stage of development of Marxism, reviewed the historical experiences and lessons on the issue of developmental stage of socialism produced by China and other socialist countries, and finally proposed the primary stage theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics. This primary stage theory is a new step forward of stage theory of Marxism in China.