复合电源电动汽车动力系统建模与仿真

由于蓄电池的功率密度低、能量密度低,以蓄电池作为单一电源的纯电动汽车,动力性和续驶里程因此受到极大的限制.本文将超级电容引入到电动汽车的储能系统中,构建超级电容一蓄电池复合电源系统,利用超级电容高功率密度特性弥补蓄电池的不足.分析了在典型工况下的车辆需求功率对应的电流变化曲线,并根据储能系统的状态划分为单独驱动、共同驱动、预充电和再生制动共四种工作模式,在MATLAB/Simulink环境下建立了纯电动汽车动力系统的仿真模型,包括蓄电池模块、超级电容模块、功率分配模块和驱动模块,根据市区循环工况进行了仿真测试,结果表明采用超级电容一蓄电池储能系统能发挥其高能量密度和高功率密度特性,从而提高车辆的动力性能,使能量利用率提高了近17％.

Modeling and simulation of electric vehicle power system with multiplex power supply

Since storage battery has low power density and low energy density,the accelerating performance and drive range of electric vehicle driven only by battery is extremely limited.In this study,ultra capacitor was applied to the energy storage system in battery electric vehicle to form a multiples energy supply system of ultra capacitor and battery to make use of high power density characteristics of ultra capacitor to overcome the battery deficiency.The vehicle current curves corresponding to power demand under typical conditions were analyzed,and working conditions were divided into four modes according to the strate of energy storage system,including modes of battery separately driving,jointly driving,ultra capacitor pre-charged and regenerative braking.The model of battery electric vehicle was established with simulation environment of MATLAB/Simulink,including battery module,ultra capacitor module,power allocation module and driving module,and simulation test was conducted according to the power demands under urban driving cycles.The results show that ultra capacitor and battery energy storage system can bring the most of its high energy density and high power density into function,vehicle accelerating performance is improved,energy efficiency is increased by nearly 17%.