采用焙烧-水浸法从报废锂离子动力电池中回收金属

锂离子动力电池在新能源汽车中已获得广泛应用,其报废后Li、Ni、Co、Mn等金属清洁高效回收对促进有色金属循环利用具有重要意义.从LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂为正极材料的锂离子动力电池中回收Li、Ni、Co、Mn,并采用TG-DSC、XRD、ICP-OES、XPS、热力学分析等研究了回收过程物相演变规律及影响金属回收率的主要因素.结果表明:由LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂与NaHSO₄·H₂O组成的混合物,经过焙烧后Li、Ni、Co、Mn元素的赋存状态发生改变,从不溶于水的复杂金属氧化物形式,转化为可溶于水的金属硫酸盐形式.焙烧产物在一定条件下用水浸出后,Li、Ni、Co、Mn元素以金属离子的形式转移到水溶液中获得回收.混合物的组成、焙烧温度对Li、Ni、Co、Mn元素在焙烧产物中的赋存形式呈现制约关系,也是影响Li、Ni、Co、Mn金属回收率的主要因素.

Metal recovery from spent lithium-ion power batteries by roasting and water leaching method

Lithium-ion power batteries have been widely used in new energy vehicles. The clean and efficient recovery of Li, Ni, Co, Mn and other metals after their scrap is of great significance to promote the recycling of non-ferrous metals. Li, Ni, Co, and Mn are recoveringfrom lithium-ion power batteries using LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ as the cathode material, and TG-DSC, XRD, ICP-OES, XPS, and thermodynamics and other studies is used to study the phase evolution law of the recycling process and the main factors which affect the metal recovery rate. The research results show that the mixture composed of LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ and NaHSO₄·H₂O, the occurrence state of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn after roasting have been changed from the complex metal oxide form which is insoluble in water into the form of water-soluble metal sulfate. After roasting, the roasted product is leached with water under certain conditions, the elements Li, Ni, Co, and Mn are transferred to the aqueous solution in the form of metal ions for recovery. The composition of the mixture and the roasting temperature restrict the occurrence of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn elements in the roasted material, and are also the main factors affecting the recovery rate of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn; the roasting and water leaching process is adopted.