民勤沙区4种典型一年生植物构件特征

为掌握沙区一年生植物个体形态和构件特征,通过样地调查、室内测定和统计分析,对民勤沙区自然分布的沙米、虫实、盐生草和雾冰藜4种典型一年生植物个体形态及构件特征进行了观测研究。结果表明：(1)沙米具有最大的株高和冠幅,其次是盐生草和雾冰藜,虫实最小,变异系数值均大于20%,植株个体大小差异大。(2)4种植物个体生物量干重值大小顺序是沙米(98.24 g)>盐生草(56.89 g)>虫实(30.31 g)>雾冰藜(12.74 g),且每种植物构件生物量干重值均呈现果穗>枝条>叶>根的规律,一年生植物各构件中果穗的生物量配比值最大,根的生物量配比值最小。(3)单株含水率大小顺序为虫实(76.10%)>盐生草(72.20%)>沙米(70.89%)>雾冰藜(62.08%),每种植物的构件含水率差异大,构件的水分配比也存在大的差异,但每种植物均呈现出根的水分配比值是最小的。沙区一年生植物生长在形态适应的同时,对其生境资源利用形式形成不同的生态对策,表现出不同的生理生态特征。

The Component Characteristics of Four Typical Annual Plants in Minqin Sandy Area

In order to grasp the individual morphology and component characteristics of annual plants in the sand area, through the sample survey, indoor measurement and statistical analysis, the individual morphological characteristics and component characteristics of four typical annual plants of Agriophyllum squarrosum, Corispermum patelliforme, Halogeton arachnoideus and Bassia dasyphylla, which are naturally distributed in Minqin Sandy Area, were observed. The results showed that: (1)Agriophyllum squarrosum had the largest plant height and crown width, followed by Halogeton arachnoideus and Bassia dasyphylla, Corispermum patelliforme were the smallest, the coefficient of variation is greater than 20%, and the individual size of plants varies greatly. (2) The order of dry weight of individual biomass of 4 plants was Agriophyllum squarrosum (98.24 g)> Halogeton arachnoideus (56.89 g)> Corispermum patelliforme (30.31 g)> Bassia dasyphylla (12.74 g), and the dry weight of biomass of each plant component showed the pattern of ear > shoot > leaf > root, among the components of annual plants, the biomass ratio of ear was the largest, and that of root was the smallest. (3) The order of water content per plant was Corispermum patelliforme (76.10%)> Halogeton arachnoideus (72.20%)> Agriophyllum squarrosum (70.89%)> Bassia dasyphylla (62.08%), there was a large difference in the moisture content of the components of each plant, and there was also a large difference in the water distribution ratio of the components, but each plant showed that the water distribution ratio of root was the smallest. The annual plants in sandy areas have different ecological strategies for their habitat resource utilization forms while adapting to their morphological characteristics, showing different physiological and ecological characteristics.