羟基磷灰石基生物材料培养破骨细胞研究现状

骨重建是新骨组织替换旧骨或受损骨的生理过程，在无瘢痕骨愈合和受损骨再生中起着必要的作用。骨重建主要是骨形成细胞如成骨细胞（osteoblast，OB），骨吸收细胞如破骨细胞（osteoclast，OC），和巨噬细胞（macrophage，MP）等细胞之间的相互协调活动。OC作为生物体内唯一多核细胞，负责生物体内骨质的脱钙与骨基质的吸收。自然骨具有一定硬度、韧性，良好的生物活性，保证骨重建中细胞的增殖、分化、骨形成或骨再吸收等活性。以羟基磷灰石（hydroxyapatite，HA）为主的磷酸钙（HA-CaPs）是自然骨中矿物质的主要成分，具有优异的生物性能而被广泛应用于骨组织修复领域。总结了HA-CaPs物相成分、表面形貌等对OC等骨吸收细胞增殖、分化和骨吸收活性的影响，并通过OC对于骨修复材料体内吸收机制及细胞活性调控机制等探讨HA-CaPs与细胞间相互关系，以期为磷酸钙人工骨替代材料更加广泛的生物应用作理论参考。

Research Status of Osteoclast Culture with Hydroxyapatite Based Biomaterials

Bone reconstruction is a physiological process of replacing old or damaged bone by new bone tissue, and plays an essential role in the healing of scar free bone and regeneration of damaged bone. Bone remodeling is mainly a coordinated activity between bone forming cells such as osteoblasts (OB) and bone resorptive cells such as osteoclasts (OC), macrophages (MP) and other cells. As the only multinuclear cell in the organism, OC is responsible for the decalcification of bone in the organism and the absorption of bone matrix. Calcium phosphate (HA-CaPs), which is mainly hydroxyapatite (HA), is the main component of minerals in natural bones, shows excellent biological properties, and is widely used in the field of bone tissue repair. The effects of HA-CaPs phase composition and surface morphology on the proliferation, differentiation and bone resorption activity of OC and other bone resorption cells were summarized. The relationship between HA-CaPs and cells was explored through the in vivo absorption mechanism of OC for bone repair materials and the regulation mechanism of cell activity. It was expected to be a theoretical reference for the more extensive biological applications of calcium phosphate artificial bone substitute materials.