电阻直接加热锻造成形工艺方法及试验

针对传统锻造工艺流程长,能源消耗大的缺点,提出了一种采用电阻直接加热技术的新型热锻成形系统。采用该系统对42CrMo4棒料进行了热镦粗实验,研究了预接触压力、工件表面质量、电流对工件加热及成形过程的影响,为电阻直接加热模锻成形提供了指导。试验结果表明：1)采用该方法可以在短时间内将工件在模具中加热到成形温度;2)小的初始接触压力有助于提高工件的加热温度;3)在初始接触压力不变情况下,工件的加热温度与电流强度的平方成正比;4)模具与工件接触面质量对加热温度有重要的影响;5)在成形过程中采用恒定电流强度的电阻加热有效地降低了工件的冷却速度,使成形时间延长30%。

Development and experiments of direct resistance heating in hot forging

A new hot-forging method by means of direct resistance heating is investigated aiming at the long produce time and large energy consumption of traditional hot forging. The hot upsetting experiments with cylindrical billet of 42CrMo4 are performed. The influences of initial contact force, surface quality of the billet and current intensity on the heating temperature are researched. The results of the experiments show that the billet can be heated quickly to forming temperature by the approach. The relatively low initial contact force is useful to increase the heating temperature. The heating temperature is proportional to the square of the current intensity, and the heating temperature is seriously affected by the surface quality. During the forming process the billet cooling rate is effectively decreased and the forming time is extended in relation to the resistance heating.