大型天然气管道稳态运行优化研究

针对天然气长输管道压缩机站运行能耗高的问题，基于动态规划法，建立以大型天然气管道压缩机站总能耗最低为目标函数的管道运行优化模型，确定压缩机开机数量和出站压力为优化变量。根据此优化模型，求解西气东输一线管道算例，该算例管道规模庞大（含22座压缩机站和32台压缩机，管线全长3 840 km，设计年输量为170×10⁸ t），优化模型可在60 s内求解得出结果，动态规划法求解快速有效。根据优化结果，优化运行方案比运行日报表中增加了2台压缩机的开机数量，管道总压降减少了3.40 MPa，燃气轮机组平均效率提高了4.234%，电驱机组平均效率提高了4.875%，压缩机总功率减少187 20.38 kW，生产单耗减少16.24 kgce/（10⁷ Nm³·km），可大幅降低西气东输一线管道的总能耗，证明了所建优化模型的正确性和可行性。

Optimization of Steady Operation of Large Scale Natural Gas Pipelines

To address the high energy consumption of the compressor station of natural gas long-distance pipelines, a pipeline operation optimization model was established based on the dynamic programming method. The optimization variables are the compressor starting quantity and the outbound pressure. The objective function is the lowest total energy consumption of largescale natural gas pipeline compressor stations. Using this model and using the pipelines of the West-East Gas Pipeline I as an example, the operation optimization results of the 22 compressor stations and 32 compressors for the entire line were solved within 60 s, which demonstrates that the dynamic programming method is fast and effective. An analysis of the optimization results indicates that the optimized operation scheme has two more compressors compared with the actual operation scheme. The total pressure drop of the pipeline is reduced by 3.40 MPa, the average efficiency of the gas turbine unit is increased by 4.23%, and the average efficiency of the electric drive unit is increased by 4.88%. The total compressor power is reduced by 18 720.38 kW, and the production unit consumption is reduced by 16.24 kgce/(10⁷ Nm³·km). The optimized operation scheme can greatly reduce the total energy consumption of the West-East Gas Pipeline I, thus verifying the correctness and feasibility of the optimized model.