盐碱地林木耐盐机制及造林技术研究进展

盐碱地是人工造林的重要潜在资源,而土壤盐胁迫危害是制约林木健康生长的突出问题。揭示林木盐胁迫调控机制,开发盐碱地综合利用技术是实现盐碱地资源化和生态保护的关键。笔者从林木生长发育、光合效率、生理代谢调控及矿质营养等角度,论述了制约盐碱地人工林生产力低下、土壤资源利用效率不足的盐胁迫主要过程。利用林木逆境下进化出的一套以自身生化调控和菌群互作消减为核心的综合耐盐机制,是研发盐碱地造林关键技术的方向,有助于我国盐碱地区人工林高效培育和多目标经营。

Advances in salt-tolerant mechanisms of trees and forestation techniques on saline-alkali land

Soil salinization has become a global issue in recent years, and is one of the most important environmental factors restricting forest growth. Therefore, it’s of great significance to understand the salt-tolerant mechanisms of trees and improve techniques of comprehensively using saline-alkali land for soil utilization and ecological environment protection. Here, we discuss effects of salt stress on forests, including growth restriction, photosynthesis inhibition, metabolism turbulence and ion imbalance, which leads to a low yield of plantation and insufficient efficiency of soil utilization. Additionally, we review the integrated system evolved by forests focusing on the host metabolic regulation and interaction with microbiota to alleviate damages to provide a theoretical basis for exploring forestation techniques and plantation cultivation on saline-alkali land.