秦始皇陵兵马俑原料的模糊聚类分析

选取秦始皇陵兵马俑样品83个,秦始皇陵附近的粘土样品20个,耀州瓷胎样品2个,用中子活化分析(NAA)测量样品中32种微量元素的含量,将这些数据进行模糊聚类分析,得到动态聚类分析图.结果表明,一、二、三号坑的兵马俑样品各有相对的独立性,它们所用粘土不完全相同;兵马俑样品与秦始皇陵附近的垆土关系极为密切,与秦始皇陵附近的黄土关系不太密切,与耀州瓷胎无关.这说明兵马俑的原料可能取自骊山地区的某些垆土层,烧制兵马俑的窑址可能也在秦始皇陵附近.

Fuzzy Cluster Analysis on Raw Material of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum

samples of pottery warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang mausoleum, 20 samples of clay nearby museum of the terracotta warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang mausoleum, two samples of Yaozhou porcelain body are selected. The neutron activation analysis (NAA) is employed to measure the contents of 32 elements in the samples. These data are analyzed by fuzzy cluster method. The trend cluster analysis diagram is obtained. The results show that the terracotta warriors and horses in Pit No.1, No.2 and No.3 are relatively independent from one another. The clays made are not entirely identical. In terms of chemical composition the terracotta warriors and horses are closed to loam soil layer nearby Qin Shihuang mausoleum, somewhat different from loess layers and completely different from porcelain body of Yaozhou kilns. Thus the Lishan may be considered as the original place of raw materials of the terracotta warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang mausoleum. The kiln sites may be also neighborhood of Qin Shihuang mausoleum.