基于选择实验法的胶州湾滨海湿地生态补偿标准研究

采用选择实验法从湿地面积、植被覆盖率、生物多样性、湿地水质、生态功能、湿地景观6个属性出发,在胶州湾滨海湿地构建选择模型. 在实地调查的基础上,运用随机参数 Logit模型定量评估了不同属性的支付意愿,计算得出胶州湾滨海湿地生态补偿标准为425.95元·(a·户) -1. 与其他区域湿地相比,该补偿标准占青岛市人均可支配收入的比值相对较小. 农户受偿意愿主要受教育程度、家庭收入、个人健康状况和是否参加过环保活动4个变量的显著影响. 其中农户受教育程度越高,家庭收入越高,个人健康状况越好,参加过的环保活动越多,个体支付意愿就越强烈.6个属性中,公众对湿地景观、水质和面积变化的关注程度更高,因为湿地景观变化、水质下降和面积减少会直接或间接的影响居民的福利和生活水平. 因此,保护湿地景观、净化湿地水质和恢复湿地面积应成为未来胶州湾滨海湿地保护和管理的重点. 

Ecological compensation standards for coastal wetlands in Jiaozhou Bay:choice experiment method

The choice experimental method was used to develop a selection model for coastal wetlands in Jiaozhou Bay taking into account the following six attributes:wetland area,vegetation coverage,biodiversity, wetland water quality,ecological function,and wetland landscape.Random parameter Logit model was applied to quantitatively evaluate willingness to pay (WTP)for different attributes.Ecological compensation of coastal wetland in Jiaozhou Bay was 425.95 yuan per year per household,which accounted for a smaller proportion of per capita disposable income in Qingdao compared with wetlands in other regions.Farmer willingness to accept compensation was mainly affected by level of education, household income, personal health status, and participation in environmental protection activities.Individual WTP was positively correlated with the above four factors.Of the six attributes,the public paid more attention to wetland landscape,water quality and area change because they could affect the welfare and living standards of residents directly or indirectly.It is concluded that protection and management of coastal wetland in Jiaozhou Bay should be focused on:1)protectingwetland landscape,2)improving wetland water quality,and 3)restoring wetland area in the future.