小尺度沸溢油池火灾燃烧速率特性试验研究

使用胜利原油对小尺度沸溢火灾燃烧速率特性进行了试验研究。分别记录了直径为0.1、0.15、0.2 m的原油沸溢油池火灾的燃烧过程,测量了燃烧速率和温度随时间的变化。根据燃烧速率和火焰高度变化对沸溢火灾燃烧进行阶段划分。探讨了不同直径及初始油层厚度对沸溢火灾燃烧速率的影响,在燃烧速率基础上建立沸溢强度模型。结果表明:沸溢火灾燃烧可以分为预燃、准稳态燃烧、沸溢燃烧、火焰熄灭4个典型燃烧阶段;沸溢燃烧阶段的燃烧速率和火焰高度显著大于准稳态燃烧阶段;沸溢火灾各阶段燃烧速率均随油池直径的增大而增大,且沸溢燃烧阶段的增幅明显大于准稳态燃烧阶段的增幅;准稳态燃烧阶段的稳定燃烧速率与初始油层厚度无关,随油池直径的增大而增大;沸溢强度随初始油层厚度的增加及油池直径的减小而增大,并与初始油层厚度和油池直径间的比值成正比。

Small scale experiment study on burning rate characteristics of boilovers

The small scale experiment on the the burning rate has been performed in use of Shengli crude oil.Three diameters in the burning process were considered:0.1 m, 0.15 m, and 0.2 m. During the experiment, the combustion process was observed, and the change of the burning rate and temperature with respect to time was recorded. The combustion period of boiling fire was divided according to the burning phenomenon, i.e. the burning rate and the height of the flame. In addition, the influences of different diameters and initial fuel-layer thickness on the burning rate were discussed, and the boilover intensity model was built according to the burning rate. The result shows that the boilover includes four typical periods, i.e. pre-combustion, quasi-steady, boilover and flame extinguishing periods. The burning rate and flame height during the boilover period are significantly greater than those in the quasi-steady period. Moreover, the burning rate increases with the pool diameter during all the combustion process, and the increased amplitude in the boilover period is greater than other periods. The steady burning rate in the quasi-steady period increases with the increase of the diameter, and has little to do with the initial fuel-layer thickness. The boilover intensity increases with the increase of the initial fuel-layer thickness and the decrease of the diameter, and as well, it is proportional to the rate between the initial fuel-layer thickness and the pool diameter.