"哥伦比亚"号航天飞机空难原因及其材料分析

从材料的冶金分析入手，分析了“哥伦比亚”号航空飞机爆炸的原因。材料分析表明：航天飞机在再入大气层时，在靠近左机翼前缘的8号和9号面板之间的缝隙处，高温离子流穿入，熔化了铝和铁、镍基合金等支撑结构，引起了航天飞机解体。在材料的研究中，建议对新材料当前要以有限目标为主，按需求建立起我国的新材料及其制备工艺体系；对于航空、航天与核动力领域中广泛采用的通用关键材料，应该加强其制备工艺的研究，特别是可视化铸造技术的研究。

Columbia Tragedy and Materials

Metallurgy analysis of Columbia debris materials was proceeded in order to study the cause of Columbia Tragedy. It was found that major thermal events occurred in the left wing leading edge near RCC panels 8 and 9 during reentry of space shuttle. A breach occurred at left hand (LH) airframe components reinforced carbon carbon (RCC) panel 8. The high-temperature plasma entered through the breach and melted the supporting materials such as Al alloy and Fe,Ni base alloy, which result in the space shuttle Columbia explosion. It is suggested that new materials development should be a limited aim for the present. The system of new materials and its processing should be built to meet the need of economy in our country. The common key materials, which used in aviation, space shuttle, nuclear-powered plant, and equipment manufacture etc, should be strengthened those materials processing. The visualization casting technology was presented.