基于RS和GIS的我国干旱区土地利用格局研究—以甘肃省武威市为例

以我国西北内陆干旱区——甘肃省武威市为例,运用RS与GIS技术对研究区内土地利用的时空格局、演变趋势及其机制进行了评价与分析.结果表明：（1）该区土地利用类型比较单一,土地斑块密度非常稀疏.斑块面积变化差异最大的是农田和沙地两种类型.（2）2000年与1995年对比,该土地利用格局的多样性有所上升,优势度相对下降,但是土地利用斑块的破碎程度减小.不同土地利用类型的分离度差异及时间上的变化较大.（3）居民点与工矿等受人类活动影响较大的土地利用类型形态比较规则、简单,复杂性较低,但是稳定性较强.农田、草地等土地利用类型尽管复杂性较强,但是稳定性很差.在时间上,该土地利用格局的各种土地利用类型的复杂性基本上有所增强,但是稳定性基本上都是降低的.（4）该土地利用格局系统总体上趋于恶性发展.其时空演变具有复杂的原因,总体上包括三个方面：复杂的区域背景、恶劣的自然条件和不断增强的人类活动,应采取合理、有效的措施,促使其逐步向良性方向发展.

A Study on the Pattern of Land-use in Arid Area of Northwest China with RS and GIS------A Case of Wuwei City in Gansu Province

Based on RS and GIS techniques,quantitative analysis method and fractal model,the main characters and dynamic process of the pattern of landuse in arid area were studied. Our conclusions are as fol-lowings: (1) In Wuwei city the types of landuse were simplex, the density of landuse patches was small. (2) From 1995 to 2000 the diversity of the pattern of landuse had a little increase, while the dominance decreased comparatively. The fragmentation difference of all kinds of landuse was big. (3) In terms of the simulative result with fractal model, the nature landuse influenced lower by humankind have more complexity than man-power landuse, the stability is reverse, The residential area and independent mine industry, water area were the most stable and simple landuse, while the farmland and grassland were the most complicated and unstable landuse. In the timescale the complexities of almost all landuses in the pattern of landuse were increased while the stabilities were decressed. (4) The main factors that effect and control the pattern of landuse were complicated; there were three main factors:region background, nature conditions and human activities. We should adopt reasonable measures to prevent the vicious circle process.