流化催化裂化催化剂的无机酸脱金属复活研究

用不同浓度的HCl，HNO3，H2SO4和HClO4对齐鲁RMS-8流化催化裂化（FCC）平衡剂的脱金属效果进行了考察。结果表明，这4种酸都能有效脱除催化剂表面上的污染金属钒，也能脱除少量的铁，但基本没有脱镍效果。不同的酸在含量较低时的脱钒率差别较为明显，随着酸含量的增加，脱钒率都逐渐增加，不同酸的脱钒率达到30％左右以后基本不再变化。这表明催化剂上的钒一部分存在于体相内，另一部分存在于体相外，体相外的钒约占总钒量的30％左右。脱钒后催化剂的活性得到明显恢复，以10％左右的酸处理后的催化剂的活性最高，进一步提高酸含量，催化剂会因表面铝被脱除，使得催化剂酸性下降，活性降低。

Activity recovery of FCC catalyst by metal removal with various inorganic acids

Metal removal from RMS-8 FCC equilibrium catalyst by HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 and HClO4 with various concentrations was studied. The results show that V on the catalyst surface or in the catalyst pores can be removed by all the four acids and the amount of V removed increases with the increase of acid concentration until the V removal ratio approaches to about 30%. Partial Fe on the catalyst surface also can be removed, but Ni can not be removed effectively because most of Ni in the catalyst exists in the inert form of NiAl2O4. After the acid treatment, the activity of the catalyst recovers significantly and gets the maximum when the catalyst is treated by acid with concentration of 10% no matter what the acid is. The activity drops when the acid concentration exceeds 10%, which may be caused by the surface Al removed.