城市供水管网物理模型构建方法

依据水力相似原理，提出了构建与实际压力供水管网等效的变态物理模型的理论方法．在物理模型与管网原型变态几何相似的前提下，结合欧拉变态相似准则和管段水头损失公式，得到压力供水管网与其变态模型的主要物理指标之间的关系．同时进行管段实验，考察了管段原型与变态模型的运行工况，理论与实验结果间的平均相对误差为9．8％．运用管网模拟软件EPANET建立了华北某区域实际管网的变态物理模型，结果表明，管网原型与物理模型的对应管道流速和对应节点水头的平均相对误差分别为3．05％及0．053％，证明了物理模型构建理论的正确性和可行性．

Constructing Method for the Physical Model of Municipal Water Distribution System

According to hydraulic similarity theory, a theory method for construction of distorted physical models of water distribution system was established. On the premise of distorted geometric similarity, Euler distorted similarity principle and formula for head loss were combined to deduce the relationship of principal physical indicators between water distribution system and distorted physical models. The distorted models of pipes were made to testify the constructing theory in laboratory, and the average relative error between the theory and the experiment is 9.8%. The distorted physical model of the water distribution system in certain area of Huabei was established by EPANET software, and the average relative errors of velocity and head loss between the water distribution system and its distorted physical model are 3.05% and 0.053%, which proves the constructing theory of physical models correct and practical.