黑龙江流域中俄水资源承载力对比分析

黑龙江流域水资源承载力影响着中俄两国的自然生态环境，对两国水资源保护和高效利用意义重大。通过分析黑龙江流域中俄9个相关研究区的供水情况及生产水足迹，采用经济发展程度-水资源开采程度(R_G-R_P)关系图法对比分析流域中俄相关研究区的水资源承载力状况。结果表明：中国侧4个研究区中黑龙江省供水能力最强，俄罗斯侧5个研究区中哈巴罗夫斯克边疆区的供水能力最强；中国侧生产水足迹明显多于俄罗斯侧，且水资源压力较大，其中辽宁省最为显著。可见中国各研究区的用水效率较高，水资源开发利用程度较低，水资源承载力优于俄罗斯侧。研究结论为中俄跨境流域水资源监测和环境保护提供参考。

Comparative Analysis on Water Resources Carrying Capacity of China and Russia in Heilongjiang River Basin

The carrying capacity of water resources in the Heilongjiang River Basin affects the natural ecological environment of China and Russia, and is of great importance for the conservation and effective use of water resources in both countries. By analyzing the water supply and produced water footprints of nine related political regions in the Heilongjiang River basin, the RG-RP relationship diagram method was used to compare and analyze the water resources carrying capacity of the related political regions in the basin. The results show that: Heilongjiang Province has the strongest water supply capacity among the four political regions in China, and Khabarovsk Territory has the strongest water supply capacity among the five political regions on the Russian side; China has a significantly larger produced water footprint and higher water stress than the Russian side, with Liaoning Province being the most significant. It is concluded that the water use efficiency of Chinese political regions is higher, the degree of water resources exploitation is lower, and the water resources carrying capacity is better than the Russian side. It provides a reference for water resources monitoring and environmental protection in the cross-border watersheds of China and Russia.