变压器植物、矿物绝缘油的微生物降解机制及差异

采用《快速生物降解性:密闭瓶法实验》的方法,研究了菜籽植物绝缘油(RDB)、FR_3变压器绝缘油(FR_3)和25~#变压器绝缘油的微生物降解性能。实验结果表明:RDB、FR_3和25~#变压器绝缘油的微生物降解率分别为98.87%、99.57%和37.73%。根据《新化学物质危害评估导则》(HJ/T 154—2004),说明RDB和FR3属于易生物降解的化学物质,而25#变压器绝缘油属于难生物降解的化学物质。造成植物绝缘油与矿物绝缘油降解差异主要是因为构成物质的种类不同、不饱和化学键的含量不同。而植物绝缘油之间的降解差异研究甚少,笔者从水解动力学的角度,揭示不同植物绝缘油降解差异性的机制。

Microbial degradation mechanisms and differences of plant and mineral insulating oil of transformers

The microbial degradation performance of rapeseed plant insulating oil (RDB), FR3 transformer insulating oil (FR3) and 25^# transformer insulating oil is studied by methods in Rapid Biodegradability:Closed Bottle Test. The results show that the degradation rates of RDB, FR3 and 25^# transformer insulating oil are 98.87%, 99.57% and 37.73%, respectively. According to the New Chemical Hazard Assessment Guidelines (HJ/T 154-2004), RDB and FR3 are biodegradable chemicals, while 25^# transformer insulating oil belongs to chemicals difficult to biodegrade. The degradation difference between plant and mineral insulating oil is mainly because the types of constituent substances and the content of unsaturated chemical bonds are different. As the research on the degradation difference of different kinds of plant insulating oil is very limited, the degradation mechanisms of different kinds of plant insulating oil are revealed from the perspective of hydrolysis kinetics in this paper.