实事求是:文化人类学的追求——人类学学者访谈录之十一

人类学首要的目标是反映社会事实 ,多做田野调查能使我们的对社会的认识和理解更贴近社会事实。以对中国南方的宗族组织为例 ,田野作业的成果显示 ,宗族组织的等级结构应该是 :家庭、家族、房支、宗族四个层次 ;宗族组织的功能首先是协作功能 ,其次才是政治功能 ;2 0世纪 50年代以后 ,宗族组织实际上一直存在着 ,改革开放后它则从隐性转向显性。这样的表述可能会更接近社会事实

Profiles of Anthropologists(X)

Anthropology faces its first task to reflect social facts with more field investigation in order that our understanding and recognition can reflect social facts more realistically.For example,in the investigation of clan organization in South China,the practical facts show that the stratification of clan organization is as follows:family,lineage,sublineage and clan.The organizational function of clan is first of all its reconciliation function,then political function.Since the 50s of the 20th century,the clan organizaiton exists in fact,but after the reform began it has truned to be of transparence from obscurity Thus this statement can be more near to social facts.