福州市沿海养殖双壳类动物重金属研究

本文对福州市沿海养殖区的双壳类体内铅、镉、铜、锌含量加以比较研究。河口附近养殖的缢蛏体内铅和镉含量,比养殖于近海或内湾的高。内湾养殖的菲律宾蛤仔体内铜含量,比养殖于近海区的高。铅对贻贝、缢蛏、菲律宾蛤仔、长牡蛎的污染达到轻度或中度,这表明铅是福州市沿海养殖双壳类动物的重要污染因子。根据指数分析,五种双壳类受重金属综合污染程度顺序为:菲律宾蛤仔>缢蛏>褶牡蛎>长牡蛎>贻贝,但四种重金属含量均未超标。铅和铜的含量高低与养殖方式有关,趋向于吊养种类体内铅和铜含量较低,而埕养种类的铅含量和条石养殖种类的铜含量较高。

A Research on Heavy Metals in Bivalve Animals from Coastal Cultivating Areas in Fuzhou

The paper deals with the comparison of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn in edible bivalves from coastal cultivating areas in Fuzhou. Pb and Cd contents in Sinonovacula constricta cultivated near estuary arc higher than those in offshore areas or bay. Cu content in Ruditapes philippinarum is higher in cultivating areas of the bay than that in offshore areas. Pb pollution to Mytilus edulis, S. constricta, R. philippinarum and Crassostrea gigas is slight or medium. It is considered that Pb is a key factor of pollution to bivalves cultivatcd along F uzhou coast. According to the index, five bivalves polluted comprehensively by four heavy metals are put in order: R. philippinarum>S, constricta>Ostrea plicatula>C, gigas>M, edulfs.Heavy metal contents in above bivalves do not exceed the limit level. Pb and Cu contents in bivalves show to bc associated with cultivating methods. It is suggested that species in hanging culture contain less Pb or Cu, while those in beach bottom culture have higher Pb and that on a rectangular slab of stone has higher Cu.