U型波纹管刚度计算及运用

本文给出了一类在仪表中广泛使用的弹性元件－Ｕ型波纹管的非线性刚度计算方法及便于工程使用的估算表格制作方法，将波纹管作为圆环壳和截头扁锥壳的组合结构，在力学模型中，通过引入压缩角和壁厚衰减率两个参数，反映成形工艺的影响；用摄动法给出了刚度的解析表达式，计算结果与实验十分吻合，有关讨论可供波纹管设计，制造参考。

Method and Application of U-shaped Bellows Stiffness Calculation

U-shaped bellows is a kind of elastic element which is widely used in instruments. In this paper, a calculation method of nonlinear stiffness and a tabulationmethod for engineering application are advanced. The bellows is regarded as acombination structure of ring shells and truncated shallow conic shells. The compressed angle and thickness.decay rate are introduced to reflect the influence ofshaping technology. The analytic stiffness formulae are given by use of perturbation method. Calculation results agree with experiments well. There is some discussion which is helpful to bellows design and manuafacture.