面向制造与装配的设计的装配式竖向预制混凝土构件参数化设计与应用

装配式建筑设计、生产过程存在标准化程度低、数据联系较差等诸多问题。本文引入制造业中面向制造与装配(DFMA)的产品设计理念,研究了装配式建筑竖向PC构件的快速建模与深化设计应用。通过对某建筑企业大量装配式建筑项目PC构件深化设计图纸的梳理分析。分析图纸中构件组成规律,创新性的将PC构件二次拆分为模块。分析模块的种类、组合规律、数据架构等,形成模块的设计标准。将设计标准融入到BIM软件中,并开发相应的工具软件实现模块的快速建模。以软件创建的参数化标准模块为基础,以关联、匹配、调取、组合、拆解的关键技术实现PC构件的深化设计与工厂的制造联系。最后,通过实际工程案例进行测试对比。结果表明,竖向PC构件的建模速度提升70%、深化设计效率提升约80%,深化设计费用节省约80%,实现最小制造成本。该文有助于构建装配式建筑标准化的设计和生产体系,推广少规格多组合的设计方法,强化数据联系,提高装配式建筑的综合效益。

DFMA-oriented parametric design and application of assembled vertical PC components

The assembled building design and production process has many problems such as low standardization and poor data linkage. This paper introduces the product design concept of manufacturing oriented manufacturing and assembly (DFMA) in manufacturing industry, and studies the application of rapid modeling and deepening design of vertical PC components of assembled buildings. Through the combing and analysis of a large number of PC component deepening design drawings of an assembly building project in a construction enterprise. We analyzed the composition rules of the components in the drawings and innovatively split the PC components into modules twice. Analyze the types of modules, combination rules, data architecture, etc., and form the design standard of modules. Integrate the design standards into BIM software and develop corresponding tools and software to realize the rapid modeling of modules. Based on the parametric standard modules created by the software, the key technologies of association, matching, retrieval, combination and disassembly are used to realize the deepening design of PC components and the manufacturing connection in the factory. Finally, the test comparison is carried out by actual engineering cases. The results show that the modeling speed of vertical PC components is improved by 70%, the efficiency of deepening design is improved by about80%, the cost of deepening design is saved by about 80%, and the minimum manufacturing cost is realized. This paper helps to