面对分布式多域电磁态势感知的射频传感器设计

射频传感器是电磁态势感知的一种重要手段，通过对射频信号进行探测和分析，为电磁态势感知提供必要的数据支撑。针对现有射频传感器存在的获取信息不全面、集成度差等问题，论文提出基于分布式架构，以时、频、空、能等多域为切入点，设计一款分布式的多域电磁态势感知射频传感器，对射频信号进行多域协同侦测，为分析和评估战场电磁态势提供重要参考。论文首先基于Zynq多进程(Zynq Multi-Processor, ZynqMP)处理器处理器和ADRV9009射频收发芯片，设计了传感器的硬件方案，并完成了系统实物制作与测试，然后在软件算法方面，从时、频、空、能四个方面入手，分别就各域的关键特征指标，设计了相应的提取算法，最后设计了相应的功能和性能对比测试内外场实验。实测结果表明，传感器在时域所获得波形的震荡次数的误差小于1.92%，频域中对信号带宽和中心频率的测量误差分别小于3.2%和0.04%，能域中对能量的计算存在小于5.6%的误差，空域中来波方向角的测量误差小于2.7%，达到了预期设计要求。

Design of RF sensors for distributed multi domain electromagnetic situational awareness

Radio frequency sensors are an important means for electromagnetic situation awareness, where the radio frequency signals are detected and analyzed to provide the necessary data support for electromagnetic situation awareness. In view of the problems with existing radio frequency sensors such as incompleteness and poor integration of acquired information, on the basis of a distributed architecture and proceeding from multiple domains such as time, frequency, space, and energy, a distributed multi-domain radio frequency sensor for electromagnetic situation awareness is designed for multi-domain collaborative detection of radio frequency signals, thereby providing an important reference for analyzing and evaluating the electromagnetic situation on the battlefields. First, the hardware scheme of the sensor is designed based on the Zynq multi-processor (ZynqMP) and the ADRV9009 radio frequency transceiver chip, followed by the physical production and testing of the system. Then, corresponding extraction algorithms are designed for the key characteristic indexes in the domains of time, frequency, space, and energy. Finally, the corresponding internal and external field experiments are designed for comparison and test of the functions and performance. The results of actual experiments show that the error of the number of oscillations of the waveform obtained by the sensor in the time domain was less than 1.92%; the measurement error of the signal bandwidth and center frequency in the frequency domain was less than 3.2% and 0.04%, respectively; the error of energy calculation in the energy domain was less than 5.6%; and the measurement error of direction-of-arrival angle in the space domain was less than 2.7%. Therefore, the expectations of the design have been met.