微生物菌剂与植物协同修复铅污染土壤

为了有效修复和美化污染的土壤环境，降低重金属的污染，将培养重金属生物菌剂与2种富集植物联合修复铅（Pb）污染的土壤，通过微生物培养、高效液相色谱、微生物群落多样性分析等方法，开展了土壤中重金属残留、酶活性、叶绿素含量、重金属抗性菌、微生物数量和群落多样性研究。Pb污染浓度为400mg·Kg-1，分别经过联合修复30天和60天，土壤中重金属浓度分别下降了19.61%、19.48%，60天比30天吸附率分别提高了16.82%、17.83%。过氧化氢酶由对照组的5.6mg·kg-1增加到11.4mg·kg-1、15.9mg·kg-1；碱性磷酸酶的活性由45.6mg·kg-1增加到88.4mg·kg-1、93.4mg·kg-1；蔗糖酶的活性由4.2mg·kg-1增加到9.6mg·kg-1、9.9mg·kg-1；脲酶的活性由32·6mg.kg-1增加到66·3mg·kg-1、71.2mg·kg-1。叶绿素的含量分别增加9.16%、9.18%。重金属抗性菌检出数量分别减少21.31%和20.27%。细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量分别最高增加了97.68%、67.63%、210.09%。微生物群落多样性和丰度也相应增加2.7%、2.9%。检测结果表明污染土壤经过微生物菌剂与植物联系修复后，植物的光合作用增强，加快重金属的吸附和转运，提高酶活性，提升植物对重金属的耐受性，重金属抗性菌数量显著降低、细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量显著增多；生态多样性增加，阐明微生物菌剂强化修复机制，为高效治理重金属污染提供科学依据。

Synergistic remediation of lead-contaminated soil by microbial agents and plants

In In order to effectively repair and beautify the polluted soil and reduce the pollution of heavy metals, the cultivation of biological agents and two enrichment plants were combined to repair the lead soil. After 30 and 60 days of combined remediation with 400 mg·Kg-1, the concentration of heavy metals in soil was decreased 19.61% and 19.48%, respectively. So the adsorption rate increased by 16.82% and 17.83% ,respectively. The activity of catalase was increased from 5.6 mg·Kg-1 to 11.4 mg·Kg-1 and 15.9 mg·Kg-1. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was increased from 45.6 mg·Kg-1 to 88.4 mg·Kg-1and 93.4 mg·Kg-1, respectively. The activity of sucrase was increased from 4.2 mg·Kg-1 to 9.6 mg·Kg-1and 9.9 mg·Kg-1, respectively. So the activity of urease was increased from 32.6 mg·Kg-1 to 66.3 mg·Kg-1 and 71.2 mg·Kg-1, respectively. The content of chlorophyll was increased 9.16% and 9.18%, respectively. The number of heavy metal resistant bacteria was decreased 21.31% and 20.27%, respectively. The number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were increased by 97.68% , 67.63% and 210.09%, respectively. The diversity and abundance of microbial community were increased 2.7% and 2.9%, respectively. The results showed that the photosynthesis of plants were enhanced. The adsorption and transport of heavy metals were accelerated. So was the enzyme activity, and the tolerance of plants to heavy metals was enhanced greatly. Meantime, the number of heavy metal-resistant bacteria significantly decreased.And so on, the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes significantly increased. The results indicated that the microbial agents could effectively promote the adsorption of plants to heavy metals and strengthen the repair effect, and which could provided scientific basis for the study of heavy metal pollution remediation.