基于心率变异性的飞行员脑力负荷特征

探索五边飞行不同阶段飞行员脑力负荷水平,寻找表征脑力负荷的心电指标。对飞行学员展开五边飞行任务的六自由度模拟飞行实验,测量飞行过程中的脑力负荷水平,采集不同飞行阶段飞行员心电各指标数据,利用因子分析构建飞行员脑力负荷模型,分析和验证不同飞行阶段飞行员脑力负荷的变化特征。结果表明：相比心率指标,心率变异性指标在测量飞行员脑力负荷时具有更高的信度和效度;起飞和上升阶段的脑力负荷处于较低水平并呈下降趋势;巡航阶段的脑力负荷水平较低且变化趋势平滑;进近着陆阶段的脑力负荷水平最高。此外,突发事件会显著影响脑力负荷,引起飞行员脑力负荷的显著增加。

Study on the mental workload characteristics of pilots based on heart rate variability

The present study delves into the examination of mental workload experienced by pilots operating within the context of airfield traffic patterns. Within this framework, electrocardiographic (ECG) indicators indicative of mental workload were identified. A comprehensive investigation was conducted, involving a six-degree-of-freedom simulation flight experiment encompassing airfield traffic pattern missions undertaken by pilot students, with the aim of quantifying mental workload levels throughout various phases of flight. Data were systematically gathered across distinct flight stages. Employing factor analysis, the ECG indicators of pilots were utilized to construct a robust model characterizing pilot mental workload. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis and validation of the dynamics of mental workload levels among pilots across diverse flight phases were performed.The findings underscore the enhanced reliability and validity of the heart rate variability index as opposed to the heart rate index in gauging pilot mental workload. Furthermore, the results reveal that during takeoff and ascent stages, mental workload tends to be relatively lower and exhibits a declining trajectory, whereas during the cruise phase, mental workload remains at a diminished level with a smooth, gradual progression. And the approach and landing phase registers the highest levels of mental workload. In addition, unanticipated events exert a discernible impact on mental workload, eliciting a substantial upsurge therein.