Function and regulation of Dyrk1A: towards understanding Down syndrome |
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Authors: | Joongkyu Park Woo-Joo Song Kwang Chul Chung |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seongsan-no 262, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea;(2) Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Institute for Brain Science and Technology (IBST), Inje University, Gaegeum 2-dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Republic of Korea; |
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Abstract: | Down syndrome (DS) is associated with a variety of symptoms, such as incapacitating mental retardation and neurodegeneration
(i.e., Alzheimer’s disease), that prevent patients from leading fully independent lives. These phenotypes are a direct consequence
of the overexpression of chromosome 21 genes, which are present in duplicate due to non-disjunction of chromosome 21. Accumulating
data suggest that the chromosome 21 gene product, dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1A),
participates in the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the mental and other physical symptoms of DS. In this review, we summarize
the evidence supporting a role for Dyrk1A in DS, especially DS pathogenesis. Recently, several natural and synthetic compounds
have been identified as Dyrk1A inhibitors. Understanding the function and regulation of Dyrk1A may lead to the development
of novel therapeutic agents aimed at treating DS. |
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