基于AVL Cruise的阿波斯拖拉机动力学仿真研究

为了寻找农用机械整车动力学特征分析的高效、可靠手段,消除整机性能试验研究的诸多弊端,本文采用了当前在道路车辆动力学分析中常用的仿真技术手段,即通过使用AVL公司旗下的一款整车性能分析软件Cruise搭建阿波斯拖拉机的整车模型,对拖拉机的动力性能和经济性能进行了仿真计算,并进行了试验验证。 在道路行驶条件下,对拖拉机的动力性能(最高车速、最大加速度、滑行距离)进行了计算分析;在农田工作条件下,对拖拉机特定工况下的燃油经济性进行了仿真计算。将各种条件下的仿真计算结果与实车试验进行了对比验证。得出以下结论：道路行驶条件下,采用H5档,试验测试得到的最高车速为40km/h,对应的仿真计算结果为40.54km/h,相对误差为1.35%;采用H5档位,0-40km/h加速时间的仿真结果为5.7s,对应的实测时间为5.5s,相对误差为3.6%;H5档的最大加速度的计算值为2.26m/s₂ ,道路试验所测得的H5档最大加速度为2.22 m/s₂;道路滑行以20km/h的初速度滑行距离,仿真计算的结果为54m,对应的实测距离为53m;农田工作条件下,耕地深度22.5cm时,0-6km/h加速试验的实际测量距离和时间为8.2m和6.7s,对应的仿真计算结果为8m和6.5s;以L2档位,8km/h工作时测得的实际油耗为17.2L/h,对应的仿真计算油耗为17L/h。通过试验的验证,搭建的阿波斯拖拉机的仿真计算模型是合理的,计算精度符合要求,能够作为拖拉机整机开发的重要辅助手段。

Research on dynamics simulation of Aparth tractor based on AVL Cruise

In order to find the efficient and reliable means to analyze the dynamic characteristics of agricultural machinery, this paper adopts the simulation techniques commonly used in the dynamic analysis of road vehicles, that is, through the use of AVL"s The vehicle performance model and the economic performance of the tractor were simulated and verified by Cruise. Under the conditions of road driving, the dynamic performance (maximum speed, maximum acceleration and taxiing distance) of the tractor was calculated and analyzed. Under the condition of farmland working condition, the fuel economy under the specific operating conditions of the tractor was simulated. The simulation results of each condition are compared with the real vehicle test. The results show that the maximum speed obtained by the test is 40km / h, and the corresponding simulation result is 40.54km / h and the relative error is 1.35%. The H5 stall is 0-40km / H acceleration time simulation results for the 5.7s, the corresponding measured time is 5.5s, the relative error of 3.6%; H5 file maximum acceleration of the calculated value of 2.26m / s2, road test measured H5 file maximum acceleration 2.22 m / s2; the taxiing speed of the road is 20km / h, the simulation result is 54m, the corresponding measured distance is 53m. Under the farmland working condition, the cultivated land depth is 22.5cm, 0-6km / h acceleration test The actual measurement distance and time are 8.2m and 6.7s, the corresponding simulation results are 8m and 6.5s; the actual fuel consumption measured in L2 gear and 8km / h is 17.2L / h, and the corresponding simulation calculation fuel consumption is 17L / h. Through the verification of the experiment, the simulation calculation model of the Aibos tractor is reasonable, and the calculation accuracy meets the requirements, and can be used as an important auxiliary means for the development of the tractor .