新型分子生物学技术在花卉定向育种中的应用进展

分子生物学技术可以提高花卉定向育种的效率和精准度,其中转基因技术是目前应用最广泛的花卉定向育种技术,基因编辑和高通量测序技术是近年来发展迅速的分子生物学技术。基于国内外研究现状,阐述了转基因和基因编辑技术在花色、花香、株型和抗性育种中的应用,以及高通量测序技术在花卉目标性状调控的分子机制研究、基因定位、分子标记开发方面助力花卉育种的研究进展。提出了利用新型分子生物学技术加快花卉定向育种进程的研究方向与建议,以期为定向培育出具有新奇花色、花香、花型、抗性的观赏植物新品种提供参考。

Advance in flower directive breeding using new molecular biology techniques

Molecular biology techniques can be used to improve the precision and efficiency of flower directive breeding. In various molecular breeding techniques, the transgenic is the most widely used one, the gene editing and next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques have been more and more adopted in recent years. In this article, we reviewed the recent flower breeding studies in color, fragrance, plant shape and resistance breeding using transgenic and gene editing. In addition, we introduced how NGS was used in molecular mechanism, gene localization and molecular marker development, which could empower in breeding. Finally, we make the suggestions on how to use new molecular biology techniques in directive breeding, aiming at providing references for the directive breeding of ornamental plants with novel flower colors, fragrance, morphology and stress tolerance.