替代同意制度相关法律问题的思考

当保护人格权的要求渗透于医疗领域时,患者的知情同意权成为首要基本权利,是尊重个人自由主义的代表。而当它体现出与传统的冲突、与认知能力的矛盾时,替代同意制度的产生便具有了必要性与正当性。进而,对替代同意制度具体形式、主体的规范则成为必然。在这项制度的设计与执行过程中,要注意对限制行为能力人的同意能力的判定不能一概而论;医疗委托授权制度有建立和规范的必要性;替代的同意必须尊重患者利益的优先性。

Reflections on Relevant Legal Issues of Substituted Consent System

When the requirement of the protection of personality right penetrates into medical field, the informed consent right of pa tients becomes the principal basic right, and it is a representative of respecting individual liberalism. And when it reflects contradic tions with tradition or cognitive ability, the emersion of substituted consent has necessity and legitimacy. Moreover, the regulation on suitable situations and subject of substituted consent system becomes inevitable. During the design and implementation of the system, the issue should be paid attention that the judge of the consent capacity of persons limited in disposing capacity cannot be treated as the same ; It is necessary to establish and norm medical system about power of attorney ; The substituted consent should respect the priority of the interests of patients.