塔里木河流域生态环境现状、存在问题及治理对策

塔里木河流域深居内陆,气候干旱、降水稀少、蒸发强烈、水资源匮乏,生态环境极其脆弱。随着人口增加和社会经济的发展,水资源过度无序开发和低效利用,致使源流向干流输水量逐年减少,干流枯水季节水质不断恶化,下游河道断流、湖泊干涸,大片天然胡杨林死亡。土质沙化、盐渍化加重,生态环境日趋恶化,已成为制约社会经济和生态环境可持续发展的主要因素。针对塔里木河流域生态环境的现状、存在的问题,提出了针对性的治理对策;以期为流域资源的综合开发利用、水土保持、生态环境保护等提供科学依据。参12。

Present situation, existing problem and control countermeasures of Tarim river basin ecological environment

Tarim river basin situated the inland with dry climate,scarce precipitation,intensive evaporation,water shortage,and extremely fragile.ecological environment.With the population increase and the social economy development,the water resources excessively disorder development and the low efficiency use cause the water volume from the source current to the main current reduced year by year,and the water quality of main current worsens unceasingly during dry season.The flow of the downriver river course blocked,the lake is out of water,lots of natural poplar trees died.The soil sandification,salinification aggravating and the ecological environment worsening day by day have become the main constrains for the sustainable development of social economy and ecological environment The paper described the present situation and the existing problems of ecological environment in Tarim river basin in detail,and proposed the pertinent control countermeasures;and expected to provide scientific basis for the basin resources comprehensive development and utilization,the conservation of water and soil,the ecological environment protection etc.